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Types of Anxiety Disorder Medication
Medications are a great way to treat anxiety-related symptoms. Psychologists have extensive experience in the use of drugs and are able to make appropriate prescriptions that will minimize side effects.
Treatment for anxiety disorders is usually three-pronged: psychotherapy, medication and exercise. SSRIs are the first option of medication to treat anxiety can take several weeks to take effect.
SSRIs
SSRIs are the drug of choice for the majority of anxiety disorders. The most recent SSRIs have better adverse effect profiles than tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) and monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs). A variety of SSRIs have been approved by the FDA to treat anxiety disorders that are generalized. They include fluoxetine (aka Prozac), paraxetine, (aka Paxil), and sertraline, (aka Zoloft), as along with citalopram (aka Celexa).
These medicines can boost serotonin in the brain and can also increase norepinephrine, or BDNF. They can be taken on their own or in combination with psychotherapy. SSRIs may cause negative effects, such as nausea and digestive issues However, these tend to improve as the body gets used to the medication.
The exact mechanism by which SSRIs work for anxiety is not fully understood. However, it is believed that they block the reuptake of serotonin from the post-synaptic neuron and increase the amount of serotonin within the synaptic gap. This increases the amount of signaling that occurs across the synapse and in turn decreases anxiety symptoms.
SSRIs can reduce anxiety and increase the frequency of panic attacks. They can also be used to treat depression and other mental illnesses which are often linked to anxiety disorders. They can be incorporated into cognitive behavior therapy or psychotherapy to increase their effectiveness.
Contrary to other classes of antidepressants SSRIs don't appear to be addictive. It is nevertheless important to follow the doctor's instructions. If you suddenly stop taking your medication, it may result in "discontinuation" syndrome and anxiety symptoms to come back.
If SSRIs don't work for you, your doctor may try another class of antidepressants such as nefazodone, mirtazapine. These drugs may also be effective, however they have a greater risk of adverse side effects than the more recent SSRIs.
SSRIs can interact with certain foods, such as red meat, eggs dairy, certain fruits and vegetables. It is recommended to stay clear of these foods if you are taking these medications. Additionally it is recommended to avoid drinking alcohol when taking SSRIs because this can cause more severe adverse effects.
Benzodiazepines
Benzodiazepines increase the calming effect of certain chemicals in the brain and nervous system. They enhance the effects of a neurotransmitter named gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), which suppresses the nerves' activity. These drugs can be effective in treating anxiety, insomnia and other mental disorders. They can be addictive and should be used only for brief periods under medical supervision. Benzos can be dangerous when used in a recreational manner, or when mixed with alcohol or other substances.
If someone suffers from anxiety disorders, they usually resort to medication as their first choice. However it's not the only option. Talk therapy or psychotherapy has also been shown as a way to reduce anxiety disorder symptoms. There are many different psychotherapies, but cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) is the most well-known and effective. This type of psychotherapy teaches you how to modify your behavior and thoughts to make you less anxious as often.
The most popular benzodiazepines include alprazolam (Xanax) as well as chlordiazepoxide (Librium), diazepam (Valium) Clorazepate (Tranxene) and the lorazepam (Ativan) and quazepam (Dalmane). They all have similar pharmacological properties, but each has its own distinct side effect profile. Clorazepate, for instance, is more effective in treating seizure disorders compared to other benzodiazepines. Lorazepam, on other hand, is better in treating anxiety disorders as compared to Quazepam.
Although benzodiazepines can be very efficient, they aren't advised for long-term use due to the fact that they can trigger physical dependence and tolerance. Additionally, they could cause withdrawal symptoms in the event that you stop taking them suddenly for a short period of time, such as sweating, a pounding heart and shaking. Symptoms can be very unpleasant and can last for several weeks, but they can be minimized by slowly reducing the medication.
Benzodiazepines are extremely addictive and should be used only for a short time, usually not more than 4 weeks. You must monitor your blood pressure, heart rate and breathing closely during this period to ensure you don't suffer a severe reaction. If you're considering getting a prescription for benzodiazepine, consult your physician about your past history of substance abuse.
Beta-blockers
Beta-blockers are employed to treat anxiety-related issues. panic anxiety disorder prevent adrenaline from binding with beta receptors in the nervous system. This is a way to stop the hormone from triggering physical reactions like heart tremors or palpitations. These medications are typically used to treat high blood pressure and other cardiovascular issues, but they can also be prescribed for non-pharmacological use in cases of anxiety.
When you are anxious, your body produces a chemical known as adrenaline, which signals the body to prepare for fight or flight. Adrenaline binds beta receptors found in the heart and brain and causes your heart to beat more quickly and triggering a variety of physical reactions. Beta-blockers, an class of drugs that are used to treat hypertension and other heart ailments, work by blocking the binding action of adrenaline which reduces your heart rate and blood pressure.
In contrast to SSRIs and benzodiazepines, which take a few weeks or months to show a significant improvement in your symptoms, beta-blockers are fast-acting. This makes them a great option for people who need immediate relief from anxiety-related symptoms like those who need to deliver an address in public or travel on an airplane. They are also a good alternative for people suffering from anxiety and chronic heart conditions like atherosclerosis or congestive heart failure.
Beta-blockers can reduce the physical symptoms of anxiety, but they don't address the root causes. This is why they are usually prescribed as part of a larger treatment plan that includes counseling and lifestyle changes. However, they can be an option for those who have tried other medications for anxiety and do not find them to be effective or have intolerable side effects.
There are several different types of beta-blockers such as propranolol and atenolol. Your doctor will decide which beta-blocker is right for you depending on your medical background and current health condition. Taking these medications can have adverse effects, like low blood pressure or fatigue It is therefore important to discuss your treatment options with your physician.
MAOIs
Monoamine Oxase inhibitors (MAOIs) were developed in the 1950s to be an antidepressant, have proven to be effective for a variety of anxiety and depression disorders. However, they are not commonly used as often as SSRIs or other antidepressants due to the requirement for strict dietary restrictions and the risk of interactions with drugs. Certain MAOIs are administered orally in tablet form while others (such as Emsam) are available in the form of a transdermal patch applied to the skin every day.
MAOIs block the actions of MAO and increase the amount of norepinephrine and serotonin in the brain. These neurotransmitters are involved in sleep, mood, appetite, and sexual function. MAOIs also have effects on anxiety. However they are more likely to cause adverse effects than TCAs and SSRIs and come with warnings in boxes for suicide.
In addition to the MAOIs mentioned below, your doctor might prescribe other medications or treatments that can help manage your symptoms. For instance, a beta blocker (such as propranolol) is frequently prescribed to alleviate physical symptoms of anxiety. Your doctor may also suggest an exercise routine or other treatments at home to help ease your symptoms.
The first MAOI, Iproniazid, was discovered during research into tuberculosis in 1952. It was soon discovered to possess mood-enhancing properties and is considered to be the first antidepressant drug. MAOIs should only be taken in cases where other antidepressants have failed, since they can trigger serious side-effects that require immediate medical attention.
It could trigger a serious reaction that results in high blood pressure if you take an MAOI when you eat foods that contain tyramine. Tyramine is present in a wide variety of cheeses and red meats as well as in fish, shellfish and some dietary supplements. The symptoms of this serious reaction include a throbbing headache, nausea, vomiting, and fast heart rate. MAOIs can also interact with other drugs and cause serious side effects, such as suicidal thoughts, behaviors, and even suicidal thoughts.
Your doctor will discuss your dietary needs with you before prescribing MAOIs. They will advise you against eating foods that contain tyramine while you are taking the medication. He or she might also provide you with the list of foods that are safe to eat when taking MAOIs. Using this food guide will help to prevent MAOI-related adverse effects.